A state–space multistage life cycle model to evaluate population impacts in the presence of density dependence: illustrated with application to delta smelt (Hyposmesus transpacificus)

نویسندگان

  • Mark N. Maunder
  • Richard B. Deriso
چکیده

Multiple factors acting on different life stages influence population dynamics and complicate the assessment and management of populations. To provide appropriate management advice, the data should be used to determine which factors are important and what life stages they impact. It is also important to consider density dependence because it can modify the impact of some factors. We develop a state–space multistage life cycle model that allows for density dependence and environmental factors to impact different life stages. Models are ranked using a two-covariates-at-a-time stepwise procedure based on AICc model averaging to reduce the possibility of excluding factors that are detectable in combination, but not alone. Impact analysis is used to evaluate the impact of factors on the population. The framework is illustrated by application to delta smelt (Hyposmesus transpacificus), a threatened species that is potentially impacted by multiple anthropogenic factors. Our results indicate that density dependence and a few key factors impact the delta smelt population. Temperature, prey, and predators dominated the factors supported by the data and operated on different life stages. The included factors explain the recent declines in delta smelt abundance and may provide insight into the cause of the pelagic species decline in the San Francisco Estuary. Résumé : Les multiples facteurs qui agissent sur les différents stades du cycle biologique influencent la dynamique des populations et compliquent l’évaluation et la gestion des populations. Afin de fournir des avis de gestion appropriés, il faut utiliser les données pour déterminer quels facteurs sont importants et quels stades du cycle ils affectent. Il est aussi important de considérer la densité dépendance, car elle peut modifier l’impact de certains facteurs. Nous mettons au point un type de modèle état–espace à stades de vie multiples qui tient compte de l’impact de la densité dépendance et des facteurs du milieu sur les différents stades de vie. Les modèles sont placés par ordre à l’aide d’une procédure pas-à-pas de deux covariables à la fois basée sur l’établissement de la moyenne des modèles de type AICc afin de réduire la possibilité d’exclure des facteurs décelables en combinaison, mais non isolément. Une analyse d’impacts sert à évaluer les effets des facteurs sur la population. Nous illustrons ce cadre d’analyse en l’appliquant à l’éperlan du delta (Hyposmesus transpacificus), une espèce menacée qui est potentiellement affectée par de multiples facteurs anthropiques. Nos résultats montrent que la densité dépendance et quelques facteurs clés affectent la population d’éperlans du delta. La température, les proies et les prédateurs dominent parmi les facteurs révélés par les données et ils agissent sur différents stades de vie. Les facteurs retenus expliquent les déclins récents de l’abondance de l’éperlan du delta et peuvent fournir une perspective sur la cause de la diminution des espèces pélagiques dans l’estuaire de San Francisco. [Traduit par la Rédaction]

برای دانلود رایگان متن کامل این مقاله و بیش از 32 میلیون مقاله دیگر ابتدا ثبت نام کنید

ثبت نام

اگر عضو سایت هستید لطفا وارد حساب کاربری خود شوید

منابع مشابه

Critical Assessment of the Delta Smelt Population! in the San Francisco Estuary, California

The delta smelt (Hypomesus transpacificus) is a small and relatively obscure fish that has recently risen to become a major focus of environmental concern in California. It was formally abundant in the low-salinity and freshwater habitats of the northeastern San Francisco Estuary, but is now listed as threatened under the Federal and California State Endangered Species Acts. In the decade follo...

متن کامل

Modeling the Effects of Future Outflow on the Abiotic Habitat of an Imperiled Estuarine Fish

Future development and climate change pose potentially serious threats to estuarine fish populations around the world. We examined how habitat suitability for delta smelt (Hypomesus transpacificus), a state and federally protected species, might be affected by changes in outflow in the San Francisco Estuary due to future development and climate change. Forty years of sampling data collected dur...

متن کامل

Ontogeny influences sensitivity to climate change stressors in an endangered fish

Coastal ecosystems are among the most human-impacted habitats globally, and their management is often critically linked to recovery of declining native species. In the San Francisco Estuary, the Delta Smelt (Hypomesus transpacificus) is an endemic, endangered fish strongly tied to Californian conservation planning. The complex life history of Delta Smelt combined with dynamic seasonal and spati...

متن کامل

Losses of Sacramento River Chinook Salmon and Delta Smelt to Entrainment in Water Diversions in the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta

Pumping at the water export facilities in the southern Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta kills fish at and near the associated fish-salvage facilities. Correlative analyses of salvage counts with population indices have failed to provide quantitative estimates of the magnitude of this mortality. I estimated the proportional losses of Sacramento River Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) and del...

متن کامل

Characterization of 24 microsatellite loci in delta smelt, Hypomesus transpacificus, and their cross-species amplification in two other smelt species of the Osmeridae family.

We characterized 24 polymorphic tetranucleotide microsatellite loci for delta smelt (Hypomesus transpacificus) endemic to the San Francisco Bay Estuary, CA, USA. Screening of samples (n = 30) yielded two to 26 alleles per locus with observed levels of heterozygosity ranging from 0.17 to 1.0. Only one locus deviated from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, suggesting these individuals originate from a s...

متن کامل

ذخیره در منابع من


  با ذخیره ی این منبع در منابع من، دسترسی به آن را برای استفاده های بعدی آسان تر کنید

عنوان ژورنال:

دوره   شماره 

صفحات  -

تاریخ انتشار 2011